Q. How do you get a medical leave of absence?

A. If you work for a company with fifty or more employees you may qualify for the Family Medical Leave Act, which typically allows up to twelve weeks for unpaid leave, or more if you are in the military. Also, your state may have its own laws that complement FMLA or add to this leave. Check with the Department of Labor in your state.

Q. What are the basic maternity leave laws?

A. This depends on the state, but the Family Medical Leave Act typically allows up to twelve weeks for unpaid leave. Also, your state may have its own laws that complement FMLA or add to this leave. Check with the Department of Labor in your state.

Q. What is the difference between claims-made & occurrence malpractice?

A. Claims-made covers you for claims submitted while the policy is in force, and also for a tort that occurred from the retro date through the date of the current policy. Occurrence policy covers claims that occurred during the policy period, and the policy does not have to be in force.

Q. Do IPA’s need medical malpractice insurance?

A. No, but they do need industry specific errors and omissions, and directors and omissions insurance that include vicarious malpractice, which cover the IPA’s risk for malpractice.

Q. What’s the difference between medical malpractice and errors and omissions?

A. They both cover errors; but, Medical Malpractice covers physicians for direct medical care and Errors and Omissions cover a business if it makes an error.

Q. What do statutory limits mean on a worker’s comp policy?

A. In many states you cannot sue an employer for more than $1 million by law, excepting gross negligence; therefore, it is a law, so the insurance policy models the statute’s limits.

Q. What is an excess worker’s comp policy?

A. It is for employers who self insure their worker’s comp. They buy excess or stop loss insurance. This insurance limits the employer’s exposure to unexpected total claims, or the specific claims of one person.

Q. What is excess of limit losses in workers compensation?

A. This can refer to an excess policy, which you can buy over a fully insured policy. Normally, workers compensation is limited to the statute, but if gross negligence can be proven then a claimant can sue for more than the limits of statute. If this happens, and the employer has an Umbrella policy, it may respond to the claim that exceeds the limit of the workers compensation policy.

Q. What is worker’s compensation aggregate retention?

A. This is the total amount of claims that you, the employer, pays until the insurer starts paying.

Q. How do you account for workers compensation aggregate stop loss deductible?

A. When you purchase aggregate stop loss for your self-insured workers compensation, the insurer will define upfront what the aggregate is. Your TPA, or third party administrator, should give you periodic aggregate reports showing the total amount of claims paid as they accumulate toward meeting the aggregate stop loss deductible.

Q. What are reinsurance triggers in healthcare?

A. It depends. Health insurers can have a defined dollar amount where they are laying risk off to a reinsurer. For example, a health insurer may buy a $100K of specific reinsurance coverage; thus, if one patient hits a $100K, then every dollar above that amount will be reimbursed by the insurer.
Q. What are the two types of stop loss in hospitals?

A. 1.Specific stop loss covers the hospital for claims that exceed a defined dollar amount for a patient. For example, the hospital for its self insured health plan, or its capitated members, can buy a $100K of specific stop loss deductible, which means the insurer will pay all claims that exceed $100K.

2. The other is aggregate stop loss which covers the hospital for all the claims it pays out in its self insured plan. For example, the insurer will cover you if your total claims paid in the year exceed $5 million. The insurer will reimburse the amounts that exceed that amount.

Q. Does a third party FMLA administrator have the right to contact your healthcare provider?

A. Yes, they have the right to ask for a second opinion, and/or have your doctor complete a form. But contacting them directly, I doubt, would be effective because the MD cannot talk with them due to HIPAA.

Q. What does it mean if your HMO sent a letter saying you have reached the catastrophic portion of your policy?

A. This can possibly mean that you have reached the maximum out of pocket limit.

Q. Can my employer stop my health care when on workers compensation?

A. Yes, they need to put you on COBRA. Health insurance requires that you are to actively working full time. When you are out on a worker’s compensation claim, you cannot meet this requirement.

Q. How can a company process employees’ medical claims?

A. The employer, if it is big enough, can take their claims in house and act as a TPA. Most companies do not do this anymore due to HIPAA concerns; most outsource this to an independent TPA.

NOTE: THE ABOVE IS A GENERAL DISCUSSION ABOUT HOW COVERAGES MAY WORK. YOUR INSURANCE POLICY AND ALL ADDENDA ARE THE ONLY AUTHORITY OF HOW YOUR COVERAGE WORKS. DO NOT RELY ON THIS ARTICLE AS AN EXPLANATION OF YOUR COVERAGE. HAVE YOUR ATTORNEY REVIEW YOUR ENTIRE POLICY WITH YOU TO DETERMINE WHAT IS AND IS NOT COVERED.

By William D. Dyer

Q: What the meaning of equal employment opportunity?
A: This typically applies to a business with fifteen or more employees that prohibits discrimination in any aspect of employment and harassment in the workplace based on race, color, age (40 and over), sex, pregnancy, gender, religion, disability, national origin, ethnic background, military service, and/ or citizenship.

Q. What is the ballpark estimate for directors and officer liability insurance?

A. It can be as low as $1,200 for a small business, to millions for a public company

Q. What is the typical annual premium for D&O in small business?

A. Typically it is $1,200 to $5,000.

Q. What is the cost for errors and omissions coverage?

A. This depends on the limits, industry, geographic location, and past claims experience. Some of the most expensive professions would be MD’s, Real Estate Brokerages, and Appraisal Firms, Insurance Brokerages, Engineering Firms and Law Firms.

Q. How do you apply for errors and omissions insurance?

A. You contact an insurance broker with expertise in E&O (it is an insurance specialty). The broker will have you complete an application; if you have coverage currently they will obtain your loss runs for the past five or ten years. The broker will shop your coverage to multiple insurers.

Q. How much is a $100,000 of general liability?

A. Assuming you are not in something risky, an estimate would be $100 to $500 a year. Most companies buy this coverage with limits in the millions.

Q. What is product professional liability?
A. As it implies in its name, it protects you from suits relating to the products that you produce, or a private label.

Q. Can an employer stop group health benefits during workers compensation claims?

A. Yes; and the employer should. You have to check with your health insurer to see what the contract dictates, but most have a limitation that coverage is for full time employees working twenty-five or thirty hours a week. If an employee is on Workers Compensation, he/she is not working, so therefore, he/she is no longer eligible for group health insurance. You should offer him/her COBRA. If you do not do this, the health insurer can deny the claims of the employee. We know of an employer, which is not our client, who kept an employee on his/her group health insurance while the employee was on Workers Compensation. The employee had a massive heart attack while he/she was disabled. The employee mentioned it to the doctor, and it was entered into his medical record that he was out on a Workers Compensation claim. The employee was given open heart surgery that yielded a big bill, which the insurer denied since the employee was not eligible for health insurance at the time of the claim. The employer was sued for the bill and lost in court.

Q. Can you run a CA Family Rights Act with the Federal Family and Medical Leave Act?
A. Yes, CFRA and FMLA can run concurrently.

Q. Is excess workers compensation a liability policy?

A. Not excess, which usually refers to reinsurance – a self insured Workers Comp. However, if the question is, can you buy excess coverage or umbrella insurance to supplement the liability portion of Workers Compensation, the answer is yes. This is one of the reasons why one buys an umbrella for one’s company. If the Workers Comp limits are breached or used up, then the umbrella may respond. Please note that most states limit the liability for the employer to the limits of the Workers Comp policy unless there is gross negligence.

Q. What is worker’s comp aggregate retention?

A. If you self insure your Workers Comp and say if the past five years show your average claims with an inflation of $3,000,000 then a reinsurer may sell you an aggregate reinsurance policy that will pay all claims that exceed the expected claims of $3,000,000. The $3,000,000 is the aggregate retention or deductible.

Q. Where can you buy medical malpractice coverage while on the US rotation?

A. If you are a resident of the US, you can buy it from a typical malpractice insurer. The problem is the policy will be for one year, so if you are here for less than one year, you will want to pay the premium and request a refund for any unused premium and buy tail insurance. Tail insurance is to cover you for any claims that occurred during the time you were covered. If you are returning to your home country and never plan to live in the US, you will want to consult an attorney to see what your exposure is versus buying tail insurance. When in doubt, buy tail insurance.

NOTE: THE ABOVE IS A GENERAL DISCUSSION ABOUT HOW COVERAGES MAY WORK. YOUR INSURANCE POLICY AND ALL ADDENDA ARE THE ONLY AUTHORITY OF HOW YOUR COVERAGE WORKS. DO NOT RELY ON THIS ARTICLE AS AN EXPLANATION OF YOUR COVERAGE. HAVE YOUR ATTORNEY REVIEW YOUR ENTIRE POLICY WITH YOU TO DETERMINE WHAT IS AND IS NOT COVERED.